Under high-speed rotation conditions, the dynamic balance of precision machinery parts output shaft is crucial. Unbalanced precision machinery parts output shaft will generate vibration and noise, which will not only affect the performance and life of the equipment, but may also cause safety problems. Therefore, reasonable dynamic balance design and accurate testing methods are the key to ensure the stable operation of precision machinery parts output shaft.
First of all, in the structural design stage of precision machinery parts output shaft, its symmetry and uniformity of mass distribution should be considered. Try to make the mass of precision machinery parts output shaft symmetrically distributed around the axis of rotation to reduce the generation of eccentric mass. For example, for precision machinery parts output shaft with keyways, splines and other structures, its position and shape should be reasonably designed to avoid imbalance caused by excessive local mass changes. At the same time, sufficient space should be reserved for subsequent dynamic balance correction during design, such as setting balance holes or balance slots, so that balance can be achieved by adding or removing mass when necessary.
The choice of materials also has an important influence on dynamic balance. Materials with uniform density and stable performance should be selected to ensure that no additional imbalance will be generated due to material unevenness during high-speed rotation. In addition, the strength and stiffness of the material must meet the mechanical requirements during high-speed rotation to prevent deformation from affecting the dynamic balance state. For example, for some high-precision precision machinery parts output shafts, high-quality alloy steel or titanium alloy can be selected. These materials can not only meet the strength and stiffness requirements, but also have good density uniformity.
During the design process, it is necessary to estimate the unbalance of the precision machinery parts output shaft through accurate calculation and simulation. Using computer-aided engineering (CAE) software, the precision machinery parts output shaft is modeled and analyzed, and the possible unbalanced forces and moments are calculated by considering factors such as its rotation speed, mass distribution, and support conditions. Through simulation, potential unbalance problems can be discovered in advance, and the design can be optimized, such as adjusting the mass distribution, changing the structural parameters, etc., to reduce the unbalance.
Dynamic balancing tests require the use of professional equipment, such as dynamic balancing machines. The accuracy and performance of the dynamic balancing machine directly affect the accuracy of the test results. When selecting a dynamic balancing machine, the appropriate model should be determined based on the size, weight, rotation speed and other parameters of the precision machinery parts output shaft. At the same time, the dynamic balancing machine should be calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure that it is in good working condition. In addition, it can also be equipped with high-precision sensors to measure the vibration and displacement of the precision machinery parts output shaft during rotation, providing accurate data for dynamic balancing correction.
When performing dynamic balancing tests, follow the standard steps. First, install the precision machinery parts output shaft on the dynamic balancing machine, ensuring that it is firmly installed and the axis of rotation coincides with the axis of the dynamic balancing machine. Then, start the dynamic balancing machine, let the precision machinery parts output shaft rotate at the set speed, and collect vibration and displacement data through the sensor. Based on the collected data, the control system of the dynamic balancing machine will calculate the unbalanced amount and unbalanced position of the precision machinery parts output shaft. Finally, balance correction is performed based on the calculation results, such as adding a counterweight block to the balancing hole or removing the unbalanced mass by milling, grinding, etc.
Under high-speed rotation conditions, the dynamic balancing design and testing of the precision machinery parts output shaft is a systematic project, involving multiple aspects such as structural design, material selection, computational simulation, test equipment and test steps. Only by strictly controlling the key points in each link can we achieve high-precision dynamic balancing of the precision machinery parts output shaft, ensure its stability and reliability at high-speed rotation, and thus improve the performance and service life of the entire mechanical equipment.
